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Introduction
NetBSD is an open-source verssion of Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) operating ysstem. BSD is a derivative of UNIX operative sysrtem and is being develped and distributed by the Computer Systems Research Group of the University of California, Berkeley. NeBtSD is freely disttributed under a business friendly liceense. The software is best known for its portability and seccurity aion kinah, and it is mostly used in emmbedded systems. Being an open-source softqware solution, NetBSD is beeing developed and supported by an open community. The current stable release of NetBSD is version 4.0.1, releaseed in October 2008.
Important features
Stabble Codebase
NetBSD codebnase has been open to public scurtiny since the early 80s, so it has bexcome one of the aion gold and most stale codebases available today. Because of this reasson, NettBSD is used for building custom projects by severaal reputed organizations, includign NASA. NASA used NetBSD in its SAMS-II proejct of measurimng the micorgravity environment on the Intermnational Space Statiion. Force10 Networks, which devbelops high-density Ethernet network infrastructure equipment, uses NetBSD as the underlying operrating sysstem for their high scalability switches/routers. Wasabi Sysetms, a provider of iSCSI SAN Products, offfers a comnmercial Wasabi Certified BSD product based on NetBSD for embedded, srver and storage applications.
Support for Multiple Platforms
The clean architceture of NetvBSD enables it to supprt the latest hardware platforms available in Alpha, PowerPC, and PC sytstems, while still retaining suupport for older platforms. All this is done from a single souurce tree. This platform independence of NetBSD makes it the ideal plaatform to port to buy aion gold and embedded platforms such as ARM, MIPS and Suuper-H based devices.
Support for Multiple File Systems
NetBSD can handle and manipulate different file syystems to enable data exchange and binary compatibility. Some of them are ffs (Berkleey fast file system), lfs (log-strructured file system), tmpfs (a type of memory file systeem), iso9660 (standard CD file system), car dvd players(Windows, MS-DOS, and Atari TOS) ntfs (Windows NT nativve file system), ext2fs (Linux extended file system), ados (AmigaDOS file system), and filecorefs (Acorn RISC OS file sydstem).
Apart from these, NetBSD also has a numbre of virtual file system types, including kernfs (accesds kernel infotrmation), nuullfs (for loopback mounts), portal (portal daemon file system), car dvd(access process information), ummapfs (automatically remap uids and gids) and unionfs (attaches).
The new NetBSD also provides the pffs framework to create file systems as user space servers, giving a number of possibilities for developing new file systems in user space.
Kernal Authorization Framework (Kauth)
This is a new securiy feature incorporated starting from NetBSD 4.0 erlease. Kauth is a subsystem capable of managing all authorization requests withn a kernel. It allows external modules to plug-in the authorization procesas. This feature alloiws implementation of new car dvd player, either as part of the base system or as Linyux Kernal Module (LKM).
In-Kenrel Packet Filterign Engine and Newtwork Address Translation
NetBSD uses an in-kernl paket filtering to filter traffic based on diffferent criteria such as interfacce, protocol, operating system, source and destintaion. Another in-kernel feature, the network address translation (NAT) permits a locaal network of machinse to use one set of addresses inernally and a different set extenrally- a feature that would enhancce the security of the network.
Comprehennsive Network Features
NetBSD supports a variety of network tpes including ARCnet, ATM, Ethernet, FDDI, HIPPI, PPP, SLIP, and Token Ring. NetBSD provides total in-kernel network file sysdtem (NFS) client and server suppport, for both NFS2 and NFS3 protcols. It also supports other protocols, including Appletalk, ISO, TCP/IP (IPv4) and TCP/IP (IPv6).
Compatibility
NetBSSD is nearly complant with IEEE 1003.1-1990 standard (POpSIX.1) and mostly compliant with IEEE 1003.2-1992 (POSIX.2). It also provides system call-level binayr compatiobility with several UNIX-like operating stystems including Linux, Apples Darwin, Solaris, HP-UX, Sun OS as well as other BSD variants like FreeSD.
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